Over the past 2.5 years, many faced financial hardships due to the pandemic and rising inflation, making meeting financial obligations, including bill payments, harder. Among these commitments, car payments can stress buyers as they worry about the credit impact of auto repossessions. Falling behind on car loans can risk car repossession, which can significantly affect your credit for up to seven years.

Car repossession happens when you have a car loan, and the vehicle is collateral. If you miss payments, the lender can legally repossess it. The loan contract outlines the default conditions, but usually, repossession starts after being 30 to 60 days late on your last payment. Each state has laws on repossession, so consult your attorney general’s office to understand your area’s rules.

What should you do?

In cases where a lender intends to repossess your car, many states require them to notify you in advance. Furthermore, the repossession agent responsible for seizing your vehicle is generally prohibited from using physical force, damaging your property, or entering your garage without permission. You are also entitled to retrieve any personal belongings left in the car.

The costs and the credit impact of auto repossessions can be both tangible and intangible. Tangible costs encompass expenses such as towing, storage fees, and legal fees connected to the repossession process. If your lender sells the repossessed car at a public or private auction, and the sale amount falls short of your outstanding loan balance, you are still responsible for paying the remaining debt, which is known as a deficiency.

Intangible costs involve the embarrassment and inconvenience of explaining the situation to your employer, as it may impact your ability to commute to work. Additionally, securing a new car loan after repossession can be considerably more challenging, even if you are seeking a less expensive vehicle.

The impact of auto repossession on your credit can be significant:

1. A repossession entry remains on your credit report for seven years.
2. Defaulting on a loan results in a negative item on your credit report.
3. A negative item will be reported for each month you miss a payment.
4. If you fail to pay the deficiency balance after repossession, your account may be sent to a collection agency, resulting in another negative item on your credit report.

When applying for new credit cards or loans, lenders will review your credit report, and the repossession entry may make it challenging to secure new credit. Therefore, it is crucial to stay vigilant about your credit status and regularly check your credit report, even if your car has been repossessed.

Two methods lead to repossessions: voluntary repossession and involuntary repossession. In involuntary repossession, a crew seizes your car at your place. In voluntary repossession, you give back the car willingly, which may earn goodwill from the lender. However, both types hurt your credit.

If you expect problems with car payments, contact your lender fast. Most prefer finding solutions instead of repossession. Some might give a grace period if you explain your situation early. You can also renegotiate loan terms, like extending the repayment period for lower payments. Document any changes in writing for your protection.

Moreover, refinancing or selling the car on your terms may reduce the deficiency amount, making it easier to repay.

If your car has already been repossessed, several avenues are available to recover it:

1. Reinstating the Loan: You can bring the loan current by paying any missed payments and associated repossession costs. The lender will provide a timeline and the amount due, typically within 10 to 20 days after repossession.
2. Buying Your Car at Auction: If you successfully bid on your repossessed car at a public auction, you can regain ownership. However, you will still be required to settle the deficiency. Auctions usually accept only cash.
3. Paying Off the Loan: After repossession, some lenders may allow you to pay the entire outstanding balance, including past due payments and fees. While this means you won’t have monthly payments, you are responsible for maintaining and insuring the car.

To start rebuilding your credit after a repossession, consider these steps:

1. Make regular payments on other loans and bills you owe.
2. Avoid applying for new loans or credit cards immediately after repossession.
3. If permitted in your state, add a statement to your credit report explaining the circumstances leading to the repossession, which could provide context for future lenders.
4. Consult with a credit or financial counselor to manage your debt effectively.
5. Routinely review your credit reports for errors that may adversely affect your credit.

To potentially remove a repossession from your credit report, explore the following options:

1. Negotiate with Your Lender: Reach out to your lender to discuss possible settlement options. Some lenders may agree to remove the repossession entry from your credit report if you reach a settlement agreement. Ensure any agreements are documented in writing.
2. File a Dispute: Check your credit reports for errors about the repossession, like wrong dates or amounts. If you see mistakes, tell the credit bureaus. You might need proof. They must investigate in 30 to 45 days and report what they find.

In conclusion, while the credit impact of auto repossessions is very damaging, it is crucial to address the financial responsibilities associated with the situation. Responsible handling of the lease termination process can help minimize potential credit damage and ensure a smoother financial path moving forward.